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Non-Designated Heritage Assets
Don’t have a Listed Building?
How, why - and crucially, when - are buildings that fall short of local listing
nonetheless identified as non-designated heritage assets (NDHAs)?
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Many people are familiar with the idea of a building being “locally listed,”
whereby a local planning authority (LPA) recognises a heritage asset of some
significance, albeit not enough to meet the criteria for statutory designation.
The concept of a non-designated heritage asset, however, is broader and more
recent. While all locally listed buildings are considered NDHAs, the reverse is not
true - raising an important question about how other buildings come to be
identified as such.
In practice, LPAs can designate a building as an NDHA at any stage, though most
are identified only after a planning application has been submitted.
This timing can create significant uncertainty for applicants at a critical point in
the development process. To address this, amendments to the Planning Practice
Guide (PPG) in July 2019 clarified that NDHA identification should be the
exception rather than the rule. Where a building is identified, there must be clear
justification and credible evidence of heritage significance. Age alone, or
inclusion in a Historic Environment Record (HER), is not sufficient. As the PPG
emphasises, the vast majority of buildings hold little or no heritage value, and
only a minority merit recognition as NDHAs.
Nationally, the approach to identifying NDHAs is inconsistent. Some LPAs
maintain local lists with defined selection criteria, offering a degree of
transparency. However, since local listing is not synonymous with NDHA
identification, gaps in understanding remain. At the other extreme are
authorities without local lists, where the process can feel unpredictable - leaving
developers and property owners unsure whether a building might be designated
during the course of an application.
A further issue is the absence of a formal, independent appeals process for
NDHA designation. Applicants must instead challenge the LPA’s judgement
within the planning process itself or pursue the matter through an appeal to a
Planning Inspector, which can be both complex and uncertain.
This lack of clarity has prompted increased involvement from the Planning
Inspectorate, with several appeal decisions in recent years attempting to apply
the updated PPG guidance. However, these decisions have not always been
consistent, adding to the uncertainty.
Overall, the identification of NDHAs remains a complex and often opaque area
of the planning system. Without clearer national guidance - particularly around
thresholds of significance and consistent criteria - it is likely to remain a source
of confusion and contention for the foreseeable future.