© 2016
Building an oak structure (shed, studio, frame,
pergola, or full garden building) is very different
from assembling a softwood shed. Oak is heavy,
incredibly strong and built using traditional
carpentry rather than nails and screws.
The process is:
•
Design
•
Planning (if needed)
•
Groundworks
•
Assembly
•
Roofworks
•
Joinery
•
Fit Out (plumbing & electrics)
Oak Buildings
Oak Building Kits vs Bespoke Frames
•
Oak Frame Kits
Pre-cut and pre-jointed
in a workshop
Delivered ready to
assemble
Often include pegs,
braces, posts, and
beams
Assembly time: 1–3
days depending on size
•
Bespoke Oak
Buildings
Designed specifically for your garden
Joinery created by hand/ CNC in a specialist workshop
Usually require a professional oak framer to erect on-site
Assembly time: 3–10 days
Foundations Required
Oak buildings are
heavy, so foundations
matter.
Common options:
•
Concrete slab (best
for workshops,
studios,
summerhouses)
•
Concrete or brick
piers (common for
timber frames)
•
Pad stones for pergolas or open-sided structures
In some situations such as close to water or trees, pile foundations may be
required
Good foundations prevent racking, movement and moisture damage.
Traditional Oak Frame Jointing
Unlike softwood sheds
that use screws,
staples, and plated
brackets, oak buildings
often use:
Mortise and tenon
joints
The main post-and-
beam connection.
Oak pegs (trunnels or
treenails)
Round wooden dowels that lock joints together.
Braces
Angled beams that stop the frame twisting.
Scribing
Hand-fitting curved timbers (only on more traditional builds).
Because oak shrinks as it dries, the joints actually tighten over time, making the
structure stronger.
Assembly Process
Step-by-step:
1. Lay and level the
foundation
Critical for alignment.
2. Prepare the sole
plate
This is a timber ring
beam that the oak
frame connects to,
usually treated
softwood but
sometimes also oak depending on the project.
3. Assemble the frame on the ground
Often done “flat” in components:
Wall frames
Trusses
Roof sections
4. Raise the frame
This is the dramatic
part (sometimes called
a "frame raising").
Large posts and beams
are lifted into place:
•
Manually for small
buildings
•
With a beam
handler or crane for
larger ones
5. Pegging
Once aligned, joints are hammered tight with oak pegs.
6. Roof structure
Rafters, purlins, ridge beam installed.
7. Cladding or infill
Common options:
Oak weatherboard
Softwood cladding
Brick infill panels
SIPs or insulated stud
walls for warm rooms
8. Joinery
Windows and doors are
fixed to create a
watertight shell
9. Fit Out
Plumbing, electrics and
decoration
Assembly Time
(Approximate)
Building Size
Typical Assembly Time
Small shelter / pergola
1–2 days
3×3 m garden room
2–4 days
6×4 m workshop/studio
4–7 days
Large garage or outbuilding
1–2 weeks
Assembly Process